AP Teachers Transfers 2022 Norms, Guidelines, Schedule AP Teachers Transfers Rules, Guidelines 2022 Norms for Transfers Counselling AP Teachers Regulation of Transfers Rules 2022, Teachers Transfers Online Application Form, Entitlement Points Common Points Teachers Transfers Counselling Schedule, Schedule for Rationalization of primary / upper primary and high schools and transfer counseling of teachers & HMs 2022, AP Teachers Transfers Rules 2022, Guidelines for Headmaster Gr.II Gazetted / Teachers in the Government / ZPP / MPP Schools AP Teachers Transfers 2022 టీచర్ల బదిలీల విధి విధానాలు AP Teachers Transfers 2022 Schedule Dates Released. General Transfers to AP Teachers Transfers 2022 Rules, Guidelines, Schedule G.O.MS.No.187 Dated:10-12-2022
Guidelines for transfer of teachers working in Government, Zilla Parishad and Mandal Parishad Schools during academic year 2022-23 Criteria for Transfers Schedule for Transfers Transfers Counselling Competent Authority for Postings & Transfers Entitlement Points - Common Points Category Station Points Special Points (Extra Points) Re-apportion Points Preferential Categories Publication of vacancies and seniority list AP Teachers Transfers 2022 Online Application and Process for Web Assisted Counselling Receipt and disposal of objections / Grievances
School Education - Ensuring of subject teachers in the High schools and required number of teachers in Foundational Schools, Foundational School Plus - The Andhra Pradesh Teachers (Regulation of transfers) Guidelines, 2022-Orders - Issued G.O.MS.No.187 Dated:10-12-2022.
Read the following:
1) A.P Education Act, 1982 (Act 1 of 1982)
2) G.O.Ms.No.20, School Education (PE-Progs.I) Dept., Dt:03.03.2011.
3) G.O.Ms.No.53, School Education (Ser.II) Dept., Dt:12.10.2020.
4) G.O.Ms.No.54, School Education (Ser.II) Dept., Dt:12.10.2020.
5) G.O.Ms.No.59, School Education (Ser.II) Dept., Dt:24.11.2020.
6) G.O.Rt.No.237, School Education (IE.A1) Dept., Dt:29.09.2021.
7) G.O.Ms.No.84, School Education (Prog. II) Dept., Dt:24.12.2021.
8) G.O.Ms.No.85, School Education (Prog.II) Dept., Dt:24.12.2021.
9) G.O.Rt.No.40, HM & FW (B1) Dept., Dt: 28.01.2022.
10) G.O.Ms.No.116, Finance (HR.I-Plg. & Policy) Dept., Dt:07.06.2022.
11) G.O.Ms.No.117, School Education (Ser.II) Dept., Dt:10.06.2022
12) G.O.Ms.No.122, Finance (HR.I-PLG.&POLICY) Dept., Dt: 16.06.2022
13) G.O.Ms.No. 128, School Education (Ser.II) Dept., Dt:13.07.2022
14) From the CSE, e-file No.ESE02-14/11/2022-EST4-CSE.
AP Government restructured the existing Anganwadi centers and non-residential schools run by State Government, Mandai Parishad, Zilla Parishad, Municipal and Tribal Welfare Departments schools into (i) Satellite Foundational School (PPI & PP2); (ii) Foundational School (PP 1, PP2, Class 1 &2); (iii) Foundational School Plus (PPl, PP2, Classes 1 to 5); (iv) Pre High School (Classes 3 to 7/8); (v) High School (Classes 3 to 10); (vi) High School Plus (Classes 3 to 12), for transforming educational infrastructure and to enhance the student dignity and to bring in comprehensive academic and administrative reforms with an objective of improving learning outcomes of children studying in government schools to make them future global citizens duly focusing on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy (FLN) and Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE). The new pattern of 5+3+3+4 is already implemented in the State in a phased manner.
Government has decided to strengthen the teaching and learning from classes 3 to 5 of High Schools by imparting education to the children by subject experts with B. Ed qualification and to bring the classes into the fold of high school education. Accordingly, the Government vide ref 11th & 13th read above has issued orders for re-apportionment of teaching staff by providing subject teachers for classes 3-5 which were mapped to the High School among various managements i.e., Government/Zilla Parishad/Mandal Praja Parishad Schools and required number of teachers in Foundational Schools, Foundational School Plus. For ensuring the subject teachers in mapped High Schools (Classes 3 - 10), there is a need of additional subject teachers (7,928). The Government have taken measures like promotions (SGTs to SA & SAs to HM (Gr.ll)), conversions etc., to ensure the availability of subject teachers in the mapped High Schools.
Government is also sensitive to the fact that, whole transfer of teachers shouldn't impact the Academic Calendar, 2022-23 in Schools. Academic Calendar consists of two semesters. The first semester (midterm) i.e., Summative Assessment (SA-I) Examinations is scheduled from 2nd January to 10th January, 2023 for all classes. The Government is very closely monitoring the coverage of syllabus in all classes and instructions have been issued to the field level functionaries from time to time to ensure the timely completion of the syllabus. The Competent Authorities (i.e., Dy.EO/HM(Gr.ll)) shall ensure that, all teachers who get transfer orders shall be relieved only after uploading of Summative Assessment (SA-I) Examinations marks in the Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) Portal.
Government have decided to frame guidelines relating to the transfers in the exercise of the powers conferred by Section 78 and 99 of A.P. Education Act 1982 (Act 1 of 1982) and under Article 309 of the Constitution of India, in the super-session of all the earlier guidelines on the transfer of teachers in order to facilitate and to regulate the transfers of Headmasters (Gr-II) and teachers working in Government / Z.P.P / M.P.P Schools in A.P School Education Service and A.P School Education Subordinate Service.
Accordingly, the Commissioner of School Education, A.P vide ref 14th read above has furnished the proposals to permit him to take up the transfers of teachers for the Academic year, 2022 - 2023. Further, the CSE, A.P shall facilitate the process through the appropriate Information Technology (IT) module and he shall also take action to call for the applications for transfer of teachers through the online system and conduct Web counselling duly obtaining the options. The Schedule for Transfer Counselling of Headmasters (Gr.ll), School Assistants, SGTs and Equivalent Cadres is given below:
- వేకెన్సీ వివరాలు వెబ్ సైట్ లో ప్రదర్శన: 12-12-2022 & 13-12-2022
- బదిలీలకు దరఖాస్తు చేసుకోవడం: 14-12-2022 నుండి 17-12-2022 వరకు
- బదిలీ దరఖాస్తుల వెరిఫికేషన్: 18-12-2022 & 19-12-2022
- సీనియారిటీ లిస్ట్స్ ప్రదర్శన మరియు అభ్యంతరాలు అప్ లోడ్ చెయ్యడం: 20-12-2022 నుండి 22-12-2022 వరకు
- అన్ని రకాల అభ్యంతరాలు పరిశీలన, ఫైనల్ చెయ్యడం: 23-12-2022 & 24-12-2022 తేదీలు
- ఫైనల్ సీనియారిటీ లిస్ట్ ల ప్రదర్శన: 26-12-2022
- వెబ్ ఆప్షన్లు పెట్టుకోడానికి అవకాశం: 27-12-2022 నుండి జనవరి 01-01-2023 వరకు
- బదిలీ కోరుకున్న వారికి పాఠశాలల కేటాయింపు: 02-01-2023 నుండి 10-01-2023 వరకు
- కేటాయింపులో ఏమైనా తేడాలు ఉంటే అభ్యంతరాలు: 11-01-2023
- బదిలీ ఉత్తర్వులు డౌన్ లోడ్ చేసుకోవడం: 12-01-2023
గెజిటెడ్ ప్రధానోపాధ్యాయులకు 5 అకడమిక్ సంవత్సరాలు, మిగిలిన అన్ని క్యాడర్లకు 8 అకడమిక్ సంవత్సరాల గరిష్ట సర్వీస్ గా పరిగణించబడింది.
The C.S.E., A.P shall be the competent authority to sort out the difficulties/ issues of clarifications if any required, in this regard, for proper implementation of the above orders. Government is the competent authority to modify/amend the above guidelines if required. The Department of School Education in Government shall be the competent authority to effect the transfer of the teachers, if required, on administrative grounds, irrespective of the above guidelines/framework and schedule, during an academic calendar year. The work adjustment orders to shuffle the teachers shall be carried out by the Commissioner of School Education, during an academic calendar year to ensure proper and optimum utilization of services of the Headmasters (Gr.II) / Teachers working in the schools, wherever their services are required to achieve the better academic performance of the schools.
After careful consideration of the matter, the Government hereby makes the detailed guidelines at annexure, regulating the transfers of the categories of Headmasters (Gr.II), School Assistants and S.G.T.s and their equivalent categories in the A.P. School Education Service and A.P. School Education Subordinate Service working in the Government, Z.P.P. and MPP Schools in the State.
The Commissioner of School Education, A.P shall also take up transfers in Teacher Educational Institutions (TEIS). 10. The Tribal Welfare Department may also issue necessary guidelines in this regard. Separate guidelines will be issued for Municipal Administration Department by School Education in due course.
Guidelines for transfer of Headmasters (Gr.II)/Teachers working in Government, Zilla Praja Parishad and Mandal Praja Parishad Schools during Academic Year 2022-23:
These guidelines shall apply to Headmaster (Gr.II) in Andhra Pradesh School Education Service and School Assistants / Secondary Grade Teachers and other equivalent categories in Andhra Pradesh School Education Subordinate Service, herein after referred to as Teacher in these Guidelines. These guidelines shall come into force with immediate effect.
Criteria for Transfers:
1. Transfers shall be effected only on a request basis and on administrative grounds.
II. The following categories of Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teachers in the Government/ZPP/MPP shall be transferred.
- a) Those Headmasters (Gr-II) who have completed 5 Academic years of service and those Teachers who have completed 8 Academic Years of service in a particular school by Academic Year 2021-2022 shall be transferred compulsorily (more than half of the Academic Year would be considered as a complete year for this purpose and less than half would not be considered).
- b) Provided those who are going to retire on or before 31.08.2024 (within 2 years) shall not be transferred until and unless the incumbent requests for such transfer.
- c) There shall be NO minimum service required for applying request transfer.
- d). The male Headmaster (Gr.II)/ Teacher aged below 50 years as on 31.08.2022 and working in Girls High School shall be transferred mandatorily. b. If no women Headmasters (Gr.II) / Teachers are available to work in Girls High Schools, then the male Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teachers who crossed 50 years of age as on 31.08.2022 may be considered for posting to such schools.
Criteria for identification of teachers being shifted on re- apportionment are as follows:
- a. If there is any vacant post in the school concerned, the vacant post should be identified as surplus for re-apportionment. In this case, no teacher will be affected.
- b. If any teacher, who has completed 8 Academic years of service in that particular school shall be considered for re-apportion when a post is found surplus and proposed for shifting (category of posts shall be considered).
- c. If any teacher who has not completed 8 Academic years of service in that particular school but happens to be a senior teacher in the school and willing to go under re-apportion, such teacher shall be given an opportunity for transfer.
- d. In case of non-availability of (a), (b) & (c), the junior most teacher as per the service rendered in the cadre shall be shifted. He/she will be awarded with (05 points) if and only if the re-apportionment is due to the mapping of schools only. In such a case, if the teacher who transferred in Transfers, 2020 i.e., he/she shall be considered for old station points.
Note:
(1) In such cases, the service of the aided teachers shall be taken for counting the service rendered in the cadre from the date of joining in government/ local bodies school.
(2) In case of visually challenged/orthopedically challenged (>80%) teachers, they shall be exempted and the next senior most shall be affected under re-apportionment.
- As per the Orders of the Hon'ble High Court of AP, teachers who have worked in Govt./MPP/ZPP schools in the limits of Municipal Corporation/Municipalities and transferred and joined in Category - III & IV places shall be eligible for old station points.
- vi. The Teachers who have promoted as per the guidelines of CSE Procgs Dt: 14.10.2021 shall compulsorily apply for transfers.
- Visually challenged teachers are exempted from transfers. Orthopedically Challenged Teachers with more than 80% of disability are also exempted from transfers. However, if such teachers desire to apply for transfer, they may apply for transfer counselling.
- a. Transfers shall be effected from within the present management in which the teacher is working.
- b. If the Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teacher desires to go to his/ her parent management such Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teacher may opt for transfer to only those vacancies available in their Parent Management. In such instances, their seniority shall be taken into account in the parent management.
- c. The transfer shall be effected from the ITDA area to the Non-ITDA area and vice-versa.
- d. Subject to fulfilment of conditions stipulated in this GO, Non-ITDA Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teacher currently working in Schools in ITDA area/s may also apply for transfers to Non-ITDA areas. However, they will be relieved only after their replacement by substitutes.
- e. If the vacancy of teacher post could not be filled in ITDA areas, junior most surplus teacher/s in Non-ITDA area shall be deputed temporarily after transfer counselling.
Transfers Counselling:
a. Erstwhile Districts shall be taken as District as a Unit for transfers. b. All the transfers shall be processed only by applications filed and options exercised through an online process. Transfer orders will be issued by the competent authority with the approval of Committees constituted for this purpose in each district/zone.
Competent Authority for Postings & Transfers The appointing authority concerned shall issue transfer and posting orders based on the outcome of the web options exercised by the Headmaster (Gr.II) / Teachers.
Entitlement Points - Common Points:
Entitlement points shall be awarded to the Headmaster (Gr.II) / Teachers for no. of years of service in the respective school as on 31.08.2022 in the following manner:
- (a) For every year of service in category IV areas - 5
- (b) For every year of service in Category III areas - 3
- (c) For every year of service in category II areas - 2
- (d) For every year of service in Category I areas - 1
The Habitations / Towns shall be classified under the following categories, viz:
Category I - All Habitations/Towns where 20% (RPS-2015) / 16% (RPS-2020) and above HRA is admissible
Category II - All Habitations/Towns where 14.5% (RPS-2015)/12% (RPS-2020) and above HRA is admissible
Category III - All Habitations/Towns where 12% (RPS-2015)/ 10% (RPS-2020) and above HRA is admissible
Category IV - All Habitations where 12% (RPS-2015) /10% (RPS- 2020) HRA is admissible, and which do not have connectivity through an all-weather road as per the norms of Roads & Buildings/Panchayat Raj (Engineering) Department. Hilltop area schools shall be considered Category - IV.
- In the case of Villages / Towns which were in one category earlier and later changed to the other category (as per HRA / Road condition) in such cases, the entitlement points shall be calculated proportionately.
- a. The District level committee shall follow the list of habitations declared as category IV for effecting transfers in the previous years till now to calculate the points.
- b. However, the committee shall declare the list of category IV habitations afresh now for calculating points for future transfers. The decision of the committee shall be final.
- For the service rendered: 0.5 points for every completed year of total service in all categories as on 31.08.2022. (more than 6 months shall be considered as one year)
Special Points (Extra Points): POINTS
1. Un-married female Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teacher - 5
2. Spouse Points - 5:
- Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teacher whose spouse belongs to State Government or Central Government or Public Sector undertaking or Local Body, AP Residentia I Educational Institutions Societies, Aided Institution or A.P. Model Schools or KGBVs and working in the same district/zonal cadre and adjacent district. Headmasters (Gr.II)/Teachers may opt for transfer to a place within the District or to Adjacent Mandal / Division to the neighboring District towards the nearer place of working of his/her spouse. The benefit of spouse points shall apply to one of the spouses once in 5/8 years only. An entry to this effect shall be recorded in the SR of the Head Master/teacher concerned under proper attestation.
- If both the spouses are under compulsory transfer / reapportion, he/she may be permitted to opt for any place in the district and only one of the spouses shall be eligible for entitlement of spouse points. If one of the spouses is under compulsory transfer / reapportion, the spouse who is in the first spell counselling may be allowed to opt for any place in the district, if his / her spouse is under compulsory transfer / re-apportion
- If the spouse is working in the neighboring district / adjacent district, the teacher availing spouse points should opt for the nearest place in the district to the working place of her / his spouse in the adjacent district.
- A copy of the certificate issued by the competent authority shall be enclosed on the checklist to consider cases under this category
4. (a) Physically Handicapped i.e. those with not less than 40% to 55% Visually Challenged / Orthopedically Handicapped. - 5
(b) Physically Handicapped i.e. those with not less than 56% to 69% Visually Challenged /Orthopedically Handicapped - 10
5. The President and General Secretary of the recognized Teachers Unions at the State Level - 5
6. Re-apportionment (due to mapping of schools only) Points (05 points): The Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teachers who are affected by re-apportionment due to the mapping of schools only are eligible for extra points over and above already secured points. The Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teachers who have completed 5/8 Academic years of service respectively in a particular school are not eligible for Reapportionment points - 5
Note: If an option is not given, he/she will be allotted to category IV / III leftover vacancies on IV .
In case of a Tie in Points secured: In case, the entitlement points of two or more applicants are equal then
a. The seniority in the cadre shall be taken into account.
b. Priority to the candidate based on the date of birth (Senior) besides guideline (a) above.
c. Women
Preferential Categories: The following categories shall be taken precedence in the seniority list, in the order given below, irrespective of their entitlement points.
a. Visually Challenged/Orthopedically Challenged employees (i.e., those with not less than 70% of disability)
b. Employees having mentally challenged children can be transferred to a place where medical facilities are available, provided there is a vacancy.
c. Medical grounds for the diseases viz of Cancer, Open Heart Operations/Organ Transplantation, Neuro Surgical Operations, Kidney Transplantation/Dialysis can be transferred to the places where such facilities are available. The medical condition should be either self or spouse or dependent children or dependent parents.
d. Widows
e. Legally separated females (Re-married Candidates are Not Eligible).
f. Spouse of the service person in Army/Navy/ Air Force /BSF/CRPF/ CISF
g. Ex-servicemen in Army/Navy/Air Force/BSF/CRPF/CISF now working as a teacher shall be considered.
Note 1: Where the preferential category is claimed on health grounds as per guidelines of 8 (a), (b), and (c) latest medical reports (6 months before the date of issuance of G.O) as certified by the District Medical Board should be submitted to the Committee. However, candidates selected under PH quota and recorded in SR need not furnish any certificate afresh
Note 2: The Headmaster (Gr-ll)/Teacher should avail of either the preferential category (Guideline 8) or the special points {Guideline 6 (i to iv)} once in 5/8 years respectively and an entry is to be made in his/her SR and the same shall be certified by the DDO concerned.
Note 3: The Headmasters (Gr.ll) / Teachers who have availed the preferential category or spouse category in the earlier transfer counselling and are now affected under Re-apportionment due to mapping of schools without completion of 5/8 Academic years of service respectively shall be given the respective benefits/entitlement points along with the Reapportionment points.
Notification of vacancies:
The following vacancies shall be notified for counselling:
a. All clear vacancies as on 30.11.2022.
b. All vacancies arising due to compulsory transfers as per guideline 2
c. Resultant vacancies arising during counselling.
d. Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teachers who have promoted and allotted places on adhoc basis as per CSE Procgs Dt: 14.10.2021, their places are to be shown as vacant.
e. Vacancies existing due to authorized/unauthorized absence of teachers for more than 1 year.
f. Vacancies due to maternity leave, medical leave, or under suspension should not be notified. They can be filled up by work adjustment if the period is beyond 4 weeks.
g. The committee shall arrive at the number of vacancies i.e. the difference between sanctioned and working in each cadre. Then the committee shall have to block the same number of vacancies proportionately in categories I, II and III taking Mandal as a unit.
Example: In an erstwhile district, sanctioned SGT posts: 5,000 and working: 4500, then to be blocked vacancies are 5000-4500=500. If 40 mandals in the district, proportionately block that 500 vacancies in category-I, II and III.
The Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teacher vacancies shall be computed based on the Child Info data with the cut-off date as on 31.08.2022 and by taking into consideration the pupil-teacher ratio and as per the re-apportionment norms as notified by Government vide ref 11th & 13th read above. This shall be re-confirmed by the competent authorities after field-level verification with the approval of their respective committees.
Publication of vacancies and seniority list:
I. The following lists shall be published on the website specified for the purpose and also on the Districts website concerned.
a. The lists of category-wise schools (category I, II, III and IV),
b. The School wise vacancy position of Headmaster (Gr.II) /School Assistant/Secondary Grade Teacher and equivalent categories for counselling.
Subject to the procedure prescribed in clause (2) below, the list of names of the Headmaster (Gr.ll) / Teacher who applied for transfer with entitlement points.
After the last date for applying for transfers as per schedule, the seniority list shall be prepared, using software for generating the entitlement points management-wise, category-wise, subject-wise, and medium wise and the seniority list with entitlement points shall be published on the website specified for the purpose and also on their Districts website concerned.
Counselling
i. Transfers and postings of Headmasters (Gr.ll)/Teachers shall be done based on entitlement points as specified in these guidelines.
ii. After finalization of seniority lists and notification of vacancies, options shall have to be exercised by the Headmasters (Gr.ll) / Teachers through web counselling.
iii. Transfer orders shall be issued by the competent authority with the approval of respective Committees based on the final lists drawn online duly following the above procedure.
Committee for Transfers and Counselling: The following competent authorities are constituted to issue transfer orders and counselling if required.
i) For Transfer of Headmaster (Gr.II) in Government High School
a. Zonal Headquarter Joint Collectors (i.e., Visakhapatnam, Guntur, Kakinada and YSR districts) shall act as Chairman of the Committee.
b. The concerned Regional Joint Director of School Education shall act as Member Secretary.
c. The District Educational Officers are concerned Members.
Note:
i. The Committee shall be the competent authority for the transfer of all Headmasters (Gr. II) in the Government High Schools in the respective Zone. Counselling shall be done by this committee with the support of a web counselling system.
ii. The Regional Joint Director of School Education concerned shall be the competent authority to issue posting and transfer orders of the Headmasters (Gr.II) working in Government High Schools, after the approval by the above Committee.
(ii) For Transfer of Headmasters (Gr.II) in Zilla Parishad High Schools:
a. Chairman, Zilla Parishad/Special Officer shall act as Chairman.
b. Regional Joint Director of School Education - Member Secretary.
c. Chief Executive Officer - Z.P. - Member.
d. District Educational Officers concerned are Members.
Note:
i. The Committee shall be the competent authority for the transfer of all Headmasters (Gr.II) in ZP High Schools in the District
ii. The Regional Joint Director of School Education concerned shall be the competent authority to issue transfer orders of the Headmasters (Gr.II) working in ZP High Schools, after the approval by the Committee. Counselling shall be done by this committee with the support of a web counselling system
(iii) For Transfer of Teachers in Government High Schools
a. Collector / Joint Collector (erstwhile) -- Chairman.
b. Collector/Joint Collector concerned - Co-Chairman.
c. District Educational Officer (erstwhile) - Member Secretary.
d. District Educational Officers concerned are Members
(iv) For Transfer of Teachers in Zilla Parishad / MPP Schools.
a. Chairman, ZP /Special Officer - Chairman.
b. Chief Executive Officer Z. P. -- Member.
c. District Educational Officer (erstwhile) - Member Secretary
d. District Educational Officers concerned are Members.
Note: The District Educational Officer concerned shall be competent authority to issue transfer orders to all the teachers working in the Government Schools and ZPP / MPP Schools after the approval by the Committee.
Date of Relief and Joining:
(i) The Headmaster (Gr.II)/Teacher who is on transfer shall be relieved with immediate effect from the present place of working on receipt of the transfer orders and he/she shall join the new school where they are posted on the next day of issue/receipt of orders. Provided the Teachers (including subject teachers) who are transferred under Transfer Counselling shall be relieved subject to the condition that there shall be 50% of regular teachers (fraction shall be treated as One) working in the school and also only the senior most Teachers (including subject teachers) shall be relieved.
Examples:
a. If only one Teacher (including subject teachers) is working in the School and got transfer he/she shall not be relieved without substitute.
b. If two Teachers (including subject teachers) are working in the School and got transferred, the junior in the school shall not be relieved without a substitute.
c. If three Teachers (including subject teachers) are working in the School and got transferred, the two juniors in the school shall not be relieved without a substitute.
d. If four Teachers (including subject teachers) are working in the school and got transferred, the two juniors in the school shall not be relieved without a substitute.
e. Likewise, if eleven Teachers (including subject teachers) are working in the school and got transferred, the six juniors in the school shall not be relieved without a substitute.
f. Work Adjustment shall be completed within 7 working days after completion of the Transfer exercise.
A Headmaster Gr. II/Teacher who doesn't so join, cannot claim compulsory wait, under any circumstances for any reason.
